Ethereum

Solana

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Spectra

Helium

Like many so-called “Ethereum (<a href="https://cointelegraph.com/ethereum-price">ETH</a>) killers,” the Solana (<a href="https://cointelegraph.com/solana-price-index">SOL</a>) blockchain has yet to deliver on its promises in any meaningful way.&nbsp;
Despite being theoretically fast and scalable, the network has a <a href="https://cointelegraph.com/news/solana-outage-triggers-ballistic-reaction-from-the-crypto-community">history of repeated network outages</a> that are never fully resolved. It does not perform adequately under full network capacity. It’s supposed to process 50,000 transactions per second (TPS), but peaks around 1,000 TPS under real-world conditions — with 30-60 second waiting times. 
While impressive by blockchain standards, it’s nowhere near the commonly advertised speed, and it’s irrelevant in the context of never-ending network congestion. 
<h2 id="solana-s-congestion-difficulties">Solana’s congestion difficulties</h2>
As of April, <a href="https://cointelegraph.com/news/solana-struggling-record-seventy-five-percent-trasnactions-fail-memecoin-mania">75% of all non-vote SOL transactions were failing</a>, mainly due to the demand for meme coins on the network. Users took to X complaining about the degraded user experience. The high transaction failure rate was largely attributed to a surge in bot activity — which is not exactly a ringing endorsement for the network. 
Related:&nbsp;<a href="https://cointelegraph.com/news/solana-illustrates-dark-side-monolithic-blockchains">Solana illustrates the dark side of monolithic blockchains</a>
Solana’s history of frequent&nbsp;<a href="https://cointelegraph.com/news/solana-s-co-founder-addresses-the-blockchain-s-reliability-at-breakpoint">network failures</a>&nbsp;dwarfs that of other major chains. It suffered from a five-hour outage on Feb. 6, two months before its April failure. In January 2022, it experience a whopping 58-hour outage. The network has suffered nine network outages since 2021 alone, spanning more than 150 hours of downtime.&nbsp;
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 <img src="https://s3.cointelegraph.com/uploads/2024-06/b0b1a5b1-4901-49ef-9dde-1defc080b733.jpg">
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 Spectra Cities founder Ryan Rzepecki said Solana's "entire thesis" was disrupted by meme coins if they disrupted the chain's core activities, and c it "an existential moment." Source: X
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Solana’s official uptime reporting — visible on its homepage — is also questionable, indicating 100% uptime in months where exchanges (such as Coinbase) and users reported severe network outages. Network congestion is what the chain is most known for. That’s significant, on a blockchain whose main selling point is throughput and scalability. 
<h2 id="it-s-just-a-phase-isn-t-it">It’s just a phase — isn’t it?</h2>
The common narrative from Solana bulls is that congestion is a natural consequence of success. Ethereum dealt with similar concerns around congestion, while Bitcoin (<a href="https://cointelegraph.com/bitcoin-price">BTC</a>) had to increase its block size. Thus, according to the narrative, Solana will go on to become the most successful blockchain because the fastest, cheapest chain will win the day.
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 <img src="https://s3.cointelegraph.com/uploads/2024-06/ff2a15b9-3d6a-491f-9138-3846646f7f86.jpg">
 <figcaption style="text-align: center;">
 Noah Prince, the Helium Foundation's head of protocol engineering, suggested Solana's outages were the result of "abuse," but that&nbsp;
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Yet, Solana’s problems go much deeper and can’t be waved away so easily. Consistent network outages and an inability to handle high traffic, as well as meme activity, is a failure by any metric. The core product has essentially been rendered unusable.
Related:&nbsp;<a href="https://cointelegraph.com/news/mike-flood-shaking-up-congress-over-cryptocurrency">Exclusive: Mike Flood is shaking Congress up over cryptocurrency</a>
Uptime performance is the prime consideration in determining the reliability of any network. There is simply no way to describe a blockchain with consistent, hour-long outages as "high-performance."
<h2 id="solana-s-unacceptable-uptime-performance">Solana’s unacceptable uptime performance</h2>
Solana is a low-cost chain and this is by far its major USP. It offers the lowest fees of any major chain. This is what has attracted so many bots and users, which overwhelm the network. It also recovered extremely well from its close ties to the FTX scandal, which many predicted would doom the ecosystem entirely. 
<figure>
 <img src="https://s3.cointelegraph.com/uploads/2024-06/52273a60-9bb3-4f9d-9f56-b8cfc527b93d.jpg">
 <figcaption style="text-align: center;">
 Average transaction fees on Bitcoin, Ethereum and Solana. Source: Visa
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It will continue to be popular among retail investors, particularly as long as meme coins are in vogue. It’s the easiest and cheapest way to launch a meme project, which will, in turn, attract many users aiming to 100x, as well as bots. But for Solana to be taken seriously, it needs to survive for a prolonged period without severe network outages. That’s a generous baseline for network stability.
In 2018, Visa’s networks went down for 10 hours. It was a big deal — rightly so — that resulted in aggressive media coverage. Visa compensated cardholders and issued a formal apology.&nbsp; has not experienced any failures since that time — and it has accommodated far more traffic than Solana. That’s the kind of stability required to earn real-world utility. 
It’s not even that complicated or controversial. An outage is the worst thing that can happen to any network. It’s strange to see such errors passed off as teething difficulties by the community. Imagine if Visa crashed nearly a dozen times over four years — going offline for more than 150 hours — but claimed it was a positive phenomenon that “strengthened the network.”
I’ll be Solana’s biggest fan when it starts delivering on its promises — instead of spinning them away.
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 Daniel O’Keeffe is guest author for Cointelegraph and a PR specialist who began investing in Bitcoin in 2013. He previously worked for three years as a compliance analyst for J.P. Morgan and State Street. He holds a master’s degree in computer science from the University College Dublin and a legal degree from the University of Limerick.
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This article is for general information purposes and is not intended to be and should not be taken as legal or investment advice. The views, thoughts, and opinions expressed here are the author’s alone and do not necessarily reflect or represent the views and opinions of Cointelegraph.

Solana is the fast, low-cost blockchain that simply never works

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